JAMB’s Regional Server Model Fuels Distrust Amid UTME Glitches, Scholars Urge Structural Reform

The Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) is under renewed scrutiny following a technical incident in the 2025 Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) that disrupted the results of over 379,000 candidates from the Lagos and South East zones. The glitch, widely attributed to inconsistencies in the board’s regionally managed server clusters, has sparked concerns about structural bias and deepened existing ethnic and regional tensions in Nigeria. JAMB currently operates a decentralised server model, where individual regions manage their own exam infrastructure. While intended to enhance localised efficiency, this system has inadvertently introduced uneven vulnerabilities, particularly in areas where software mismatches or delayed updates go unaddressed due to weak central oversight. Although there is no evidence the 2025 incident was deliberate, analysts warn that in a country as ethnically divided as Nigeria, even technical errors can be interpreted through the lens of regional discrimination. Political scientist Chukwuemeka Ibeanu (2005) cautioned that state institutions in Nigeria must be deliberately designed to prevent perceived exclusion or favouritism, while Peter Ekeh’s (1975) “two publics” theory explains how ethnic allegiances often supersede national loyalty, especially when state fairness is in question. “This isn’t just about faulty servers,” said one policy analyst. “It’s about a system that, by design, enables differential treatment. That perception — whether real or imagined — is politically dangerous.” Indeed, the fallout from the glitch has already led to tribal accusations, social media outrage, and rising calls for investigations into regional exam discrepancies. Experts now advocate for a cloud-based, centrally controlled system that would ensure uniform oversight, real-time updates, and greater transparency across all zones. Such a shift could not only improve operational efficiency, they argue, but also help dismantle the structural conditions that feed mistrust and regional resentment. “Institutional design matters,” one IT governance consultant said. “As long as JAMB continues with this fragmented approach, it opens itself up to technical failures being politicised — and that’s a risk Nigeria can no longer afford.”

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JAMB Admits to Technical Glitch In 2025 UTME

The Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board has admitted that there were errors that affected the performance of candidates during the 2025 Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination held across different centres in the country. The Registrar of the board, Ishaq Oloyede, who made the admission during a media briefing in Abuja on Wednesday, also broke down in tears while admitting to the error. “Once again, we apologise and assure you that this incident represents a significant setback…. We remain committed to emerging stronger in our core values of transparency, fairness and equity. “It is our culture to admit error because we know that in spite of the best of our efforts, we are human; we are not perfect,” Oloyede said as he wiped tears off his eyes with a white handkerchief. He also announced that about 379,997 candidates in the just concluded 2025 exercise would retake the examination. This followed widespread complaints of technical glitches, unusually low scores, and alleged irregularities in the questions and the answers during the exercise. However, in a post on its X handle on Wednesday, the examination body said it established that a technical glitch affected 157 centres out of the 887 centres. This, it said, was responsible for the general low performance of the candidates. It said, “Man Proposes, God Disposes! It has been established that a technical glitch affected 157 centres out of the 887 centres in the 2025 UTME. This was basically responsible for the general low performance of the candidates scheduled to sit the examination in those centres. “As such, all the affected candidates will be contacted to reprint their examination slips towards retaking their examinations starting from 16th May, 2025.” JAMB had released a statistical breakdown of the 2025 UTME, where it revealed that over 1.5 million of the 1.95 million candidates who took the examination scored below 200. In a post on its official X on May 5, it highlighted that a total of 1,955,069 candidates sat for the examination, and of this number, a significant 1,534,654 candidates—representing 78.5 percent —scored below the 200 mark. A breakdown of the results showed that only 4,756 candidates (0.24 percent) achieved scores of 320 and above, while 7,658 candidates (0.39 percent) scored between 300 and 319. In total, just 12,414 candidates (0.63 percent) scored 300 and above. For the 250-299 score range, 73,441 candidates (3.76 percent) were recorded, while a larger proportion, 334,560 candidates (17.11%), scored between 200 and 249. The category with the highest number of candidates was the 160 to 199 range, with 983,187 candidates (50.29 percent). Further down the scale, 488,197 candidates (24.97 percent) scored between 140 and 159, and 57,419 candidates (2.94 percent) scored between 120 and 139. A percentage of candidates, 3,820 (0.20 percent), scored between 100 and 119, while 2,031 candidates (0.10 percent) fell below the 100 mark. In addition to the overall results, JAMB also disclosed that 40,247 underage candidates were allowed to participate in the examination due to their “exceptional abilities.” However, only 467 of these candidates (1.16 percent) achieved scores that met the defined threshold for “exceptional ability.” In 2024, over 1.94 million candidates registered for the UTME, with 1,904,189 candidates taking the examination across 118 towns and more than 700 centres. JAMB also said that only 0.4 percent of candidates who took the 2024 examination scored above 300, while 24 percent scored 200 or higher. JAMB also reported that 97 candidates were involved in examination infractions in the 2025 UTME, while 2,157 others were under investigation for “suspected malpractices.” The board further noted that 71,701 candidates were absent from the examination, and those facing biometric challenges were being investigated. JAMB also noted that those cleared would be rescheduled for examination at designated centres. It added that some results, including those of blind candidates and candidates in the JEOG category, are still being processed and will be released once finalised. JAMB had assured that candidates who faced biometric challenges or were involved in investigations would be given fair treatment, with rescheduling for those cleared.

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JAMB Releases 2025 UTME Results, Only 21.5% Score Above 200 As Nationwide Performance Declines

The Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) has officially released the results of the 2025 Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME), with over 1.95 million candidates having taken part across Nigeria. Candidates can now check their scores via SMS or the official JAMB portal. To access results via SMS, candidates must send their registration number using the phone number linked to their JAMB profile to 55019 or 66019. This service costs ₦50. Alternatively, candidates can log in to the JAMB e-facility portal to check and print their results using their registration number or email and password. However, JAMB’s data revealed a troubling performance trend. Out of 1,955,069 candidates, only 412,415 (21.5%) scored above 200, the minimum benchmark for university admission. Nearly 79% of candidates fell below the cutoff. The report also disclosed that 40,247 underage candidates received special permission to participate based on academic promise. Of these, only 467 candidates (1.16%) achieved exceptional performance. In terms of misconduct, 97 candidates were confirmed to have engaged in examination malpractice, while 2,157 others remain under investigation. Furthermore, 71,701 candidates were marked absent, primarily due to unresolved biometric verification issues. JAMB has promised to reschedule affected candidates after completing investigations. This year’s outcome has sparked renewed concerns about Nigeria’s educational standards and the effectiveness of preparatory systems ahead of tertiary education.

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